Improvement in apparatus for burning hydrocarbons



8 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. SALISBURY. Appelramtlls for- Burning Hydrocarbons.

N 0. 205,143; Patented June 18, 1878.

s Sheets-Shekel; 2 S. 0. SALISBURY.

Apparatus for Burning Hydrocarbons. I No. 205,143. Patentffed June .18,I878.

III IiIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllx Ill ,WITNESSES: 4 IJVV'EJVTOR. v

NJPETERi FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. c

, s Sheets-She8b 3 S. G. SALISBURY.

Apparatus for Burning Hydrocarbons. No. 205,143. Pat-ent ed June 18,1878..

"WITWESSES:

UNITED STATES-"1PATENTIOFFIOE.

SILAS O. SALISBURY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING HYDROCARBONS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. March To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that I, SILAS G. SALISBURY, of New York, in the county andState of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inApparatus for Burning Hydrocarbon for Fuel, and that the following is afull and clear explanation of the same.

Heretofore patents have been allowed me' solid fuel, such as coal, asmall percentageonly of such fuel is actually consumed in the furnace,and that the remainder passes out at the smoke-stack unconsumed in thecondition of smoke, carbonic oxide, &c.. Therefore, the principal objectis to convert the fuel first into combustible carbureted hydrogen, andto consume saidgas in the furnace or elsewhere,

it being well known that combusion of said gas can be made very nearlyor quite complete and perfect. It is evident, therefore, that under suchcircumstances there will be a very great economy of fuel, and the onlyquestion to be solved is the cost of converting the fuel into gas. By myprevious invention that question was solved, as I was enabled to convertliquid hydrocarbon into gas at a cost almost nominal.

My invention relates to burning hydrocarbon in furnaces for heatingpurposes. It also includes the mode of applying my apparatusparticularly to steamship-furnaces and it consists in a bench of retortswith communicating pipes for heating a blast of air and superheatingsteam, a blast-injector and hydrocarbon-pipes, combined with one or moresteamgenerators, marine or otherwise, in the furnace of which thehydrocarbon gas is discharged and consumed, in part or wholly, in

- place of solid fuel.

205,143, dated June 18, 1878; application filed retorts and boilers, asarranged on board steamships. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of thebench of retorts. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal section of the same. Fig. 4 isa longitudinal section of air-heating retort. Fig. 5 is a 1011-gitudinal section of injector with steam and hydrocarbon pipes. Fig.6 isa longitudinal section of furnace.

AA are the boilers, say, of a steamship, arranged with the furnaces inthe-usual way. 0 is a bench of retorts or ovens for heating the blastairandsuperheating the steam. D is the blast-injector, and E is theblast-pipe.

Steam from the boiler is conducted by the pipe E to the superheater G.The great pressure of the steam from the superheater G causes it to seekan outlet in every direction, and a part is therefore discharged in theinjector D, and a part is conducted by the pipe F to the front of thefurnace.

H is a tank for liquid hydrocarbon, which may be located at anyconvenient or desirable place, at a sufficient elevation to give it freedischarge, and sufficiently far from the furnace to render it secureagainst fire. I I are hydrocarbon injectors, whereby the liquidhydrocarbon is injected into the furnace in the form of gas, or, if thefeed is excessive, in combined gas and spray, and complete combustion issecured without reference to artificial draft produced by smoke-stacks,85c.

The general principles of operation have been fully set forth bymeheretofore.

The employment of the blast-injector, operating with ajet of superheatedsteam to propel a blast of air through an oven or retort, and theinjection of liquid hydrocarbon into said hotblast is, therefore, notnew. My present invention, therefore, relates more particularly to thecompact arrangement of the parts with reference to certain purposes.

The bench of retorts O has its own fire for the heating of the retortsJ, and said fire may be produced, as usual, by the combustion of coalupon the grate, or by a gas-flame or a combination of coal and gas.Probably it may be necessary to make a starting-fire of some solid fuel;but after the parts are all hot gas may be substituted.

The retorts J consist of cylindrical vessels,

divided longitudinally by partitions into four passages, as shown. Thisis the manner which at present I prefer. The same end may be attainedless advantageously by means of pipes placed one within the other. Theconnection from one division to the next may be formed by means of pipesk, or by making the partitions i short at alternate ends, as shown inFig. 1.

The retort Gr contains coils of steam-pipes, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3,through which the steam passes from the boiler and is superheated beforeit reaches the injector D.

. The air-blast from the injector D is forced through the retorts Jsuccessively, and is thereby heated nearly or quite to the temperatureof flame, and from the last of said series of retorts it is conducted inpipe L in front of the furnaces B, and by a branch, I, oppositeeachfurnace it is conducted to the fire-space above the grate.

The nozzle of the pipe L constitutes a second injector, as shown in Fig.5, receiving superheated steam by the pipe m from the branch F of thesuperheated steam pipe, hot air through the pipe I, and liquidhydrocarbon through the pipe n.

The separate supplemental injector I at each furnace is required to giveefficient control over each furnace separately.

The liquid hydrocarbonis drawn in by the jet of steam and hot air insuch quantity as may be desired, and permitted by the adjustment of thecontrolling valve, and by the heat of the air and steam jet it isinstantly volatilized and projected into the fire-chamber in thecondition of gas already heated nearly to the point of ignition, and, incompany with the blast of hot air, sufficient to supply nearly or quiteall of the oxygen required for its combustion. Little or no extraneousdraft will be required.

The ordinary grate of the furnace is covered with lumps of coke,asbestus, &c., to catch the unvolatilized liquid which may, by reason ofan excess of feed, be blown unvolatilized out of the nozzle. The intenseheat within the combustion-chamber will quickly volatilize all suchspray and cause its combustion.

Bythese means I am enabled to applyliquid hydrocarbons to the heating ofsteam-boilers, and especially to marine boilers, with the fullestcontrol, and with all the advantages which attend the saving of aboutthree-fourths the space now occupied by coal, the saving of nearly allthe expense of handling this solid fuel and its residuum of ashes, andthe saving of all the present waste of fuel up the smokestack in smokeand unconsumed carbonic oxide, &c. r

My improvements herein shown are equally well adapted to use withboilers on land; but, .as the same necessity for economy of space doesnot exist on land, I therefore represent and describe its application tomarine boilers. Having described my invention, what I claim as newis-- 1. One or more boilers, A, with the furnaces l3, as set forth,combined with the bench O or retorts for heating the blast andsuperheating the steam, the blast-injector D, and the blastpipe E L,extending from said retort in front of the furnace B, to furnishhot-blast for the injection and combustion of hydrocarbon, substantiallyin the manner as set forth.

2. The bench of retorts 0, wherein the blast is heated and the steam issuperheated, and

Witnesses: I

HULBERT PEoK, R. D. 0. SMITH.

